Sweden

Organisational autonomy: medium high

The appointment and dismissal of the university executive head must be validated by an external authority. Selection criteria and the minimum term of office are stated in the law. Universities include external members in their governing bodies, and propose them for appointment by an external authority through a nominations committee. Universities can decide on internal academic structures. There are restrictions on the establishment of legal entities.

Financial autonomy: medium low

There is limited possibility to move funds between different activity categories of the block grant funding received by Swedish universities. Surpluses must be used within the same activity category for which the funding was allocated. Swedish universities that do not have foundation status may borrow money through a specific government-backed bank and cannot own buildings. Universities may not charge tuition fees for national and EU students at any level and for non-EU students at doctoral level. They may charge fees for non-EU students at Bachelor and Master levels.

Academic autonomy: medium high

Universities decide on overall student numbers. Admission criteria at Bachelor and Master levels are co-regulated. Universities may introduce new programmes without prior accreditation but cannot select either external quality assurance mechanisms or providers. Swedish universities can design the content of their degree programmes and may decide on the language of instruction.

Staffing autonomy: high

Universities can essentially decide on recruitment, salaries, promotions and dismissals. Minimum requirements for the recruitment process of academic staff are outlined in law.